The Marketing Of Deodorant Advertisements Targeting Males...

With the strong competition in advertising, it is important to ensure that the correct things are done to make people want to buy the product that is being sold. A range of visual literacy elements, such as the font and catchphrase, are used to persuade the customer into buying the product. After an extensive search of the market, an advertisement from the company Secret and the company Adiction were chosen due to their success. These advertisements can be found in many magazines and online webpages. This report will examine the current market for deodorant advertisements targeting males and females and it will interpret the meanings and persuasive techniques behind them. One advertisement targeting males and one advertisement targeting females will be used. A recommendation of important procedures that must be used when advertising deodorant to males and females will also be given. 3.0 ADVERTISING 3.1 AD 1: SECRET ‘SHEER MINERAL’ DEODORANT Secret’s Sheer Mineral deodorant advertisement is an efficient example of deodorant directed towards a female audience. A range of persuasive elements were used to make this advertisement successful. This ad contains a range of warm, pastel, orange and yellow colours. However, the background colours are light and delicate whilst the foreground colours are bolder. The dainty, pastel orange tones are used to emphasis femininity and sophistication, which makes the ad more appealing to women. They also make the female model on theShow MoreRelatedMarket Analysis Strategy of Axe Deos in India3314 Words   |  14 Pagesstudies the market for the Axe range of Deodorants in India. Axe, a brand marketed by M/S. Hindustan Unilever Ltd. (HUL) in India, holds the market leader position in the nascent Indian deodorant industry. Though general information regarding market, image positioning etc. will cater to the complete Axe line of deodorants, product specifics will be restricted to the bodyspray segment alone. The report starts with an overview of the Indian market for Deodorants over the last 4-5 years, with relevantRead MoreNivea Marketing Strategy4245 Words   |  17 Pages 4.1 Market Segmentation and Targeting 6-7 4.2 Market Positioning 8 5. Consumers Behaviour 8-10 6. Recommendation 10-11 7. Conclusion 11-12 8. Appendix 13 9. References 14-15 1. Introduction In Malaysia the weather is always hot like summer, and therefore most people do experience body odour. A way to reduce body odour is by using deodorant. A deodorant is defined as a substance that destroys body odour. Deodorants are applied to the body to takeRead MoreDove Marketing Research Paper3297 Words   |  14 Pagesproducts that are available to them and because of their strong advertising campaigns. In January 2010, Dove Inc. launched their new product line that was to cater specifically to men. Initially, Dove Men+Care was advertised to gain recognition by a female target base. After women were familiar the brand, the new line would be targeted to men through a Super Bowl sponsorship and through other advertising channels. The fact that Dove had always been defined as a women’s brand posed a problem for theRead MoreHow Advertising Affects The Common Man s Opinion On Most Products1201 Words   |  5 PagesEvery brand has a certain image and targeted audience that it caters to. Companies like Walmart make advertisements that would attract families while companies like Nike make advertisements that would attract young adults. Similarly, up until recently, the 75 year old brand Old Spice had been labeled as an outdated product, something very out of fashion. Only old people would use Old Spice deodorants, was the common perception. However, Old Spice managed to change it s audience by grabbing the attentionRead MoreAvon is Calling1263 Words   |  5 Pagesproducts are sold in more than 100 countries. Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Avon has many segmentation bases: †¢ Profile - Geographical factors – Avon production is sold in over 100 countries. The company is widely developed in almost all around the world. - Demographic factors – Initially the company was producing products for mostly women from ages 25-50, but currently they are producing products for males, females, children, teenagers, young adults, adults and elderly people. -Read MoreGillette, Founded In Boston, Massachusetts, United States1960 Words   |  8 Pagesonly to add a new product to the brand, but to also plan for future products (Gillette Acne Cream), which allows the brand to maintain momentum. 2.1 Market Summary Gillette is popularly known for mainly targeting men; even the slogan represents this focus of a male dominant marketing strategy: â€Å"Gillette, the best a man can get.† The main target is men aged between 20-45 years old. However, with the skin care products, we will expand the range to men even 45 years old and above, emphasize onRead MoreMaketing Report of Chanel2564 Words   |  11 PagesPsychographic - Personality characteristic Different Chanel products will represent different characteristics for its consumers to reveal their personality and seductiveness, such as fragrance. For female, N °5 shows an indefinable femininity, and Chance conveys a youthful, sexy and romantic attitude8. For male, Ð GOЇSTE expresses the subtlety of a warm and powerful bouquet, and Allure Homme Sport shows a sparkling and energizing freshness. Moreover, there are three ranges of fragrance- perfume, eau deRead MoreBrand Audit of Pepsi3823 Words   |  16 Pagesour professional life. It has been really knowledge sharing experience to make this project. We would also like to thanks Mr. Mudassar and Mr.ramadan the project sells officers LUX Pakistan for helping us to make us better known what basically marketing mix of LUX is. DEDICATION This Report Is Dedicated To Who are always a source of love, affection and inspiration for us. Whose love and prayers always accompanied usRead MoreOffensive Advertising : Advertising, Muslims, And Consumer Behaviour9514 Words   |  39 Pagesof the connection between advertising as a marketing tools, Muslims and consumer behaviour. 2.1 The nature of offensive advertising In an age where consumers are exposed to an estimated 3,000 to 20,000 advertisements per day; where the higher numbers include every time you pass by a label in a grocery store, all the ads in your mailbox whether you see them or not, the label on everything you wear, etc (David Lamoureux, 2014); controversial advertisement techniques (also known as shock appeals, provocativeRead MoreIdentify and discuss different criteria of segmenting consumer markets. Using valid examples explain how different organizations may implement target market strategies4493 Words   |  18 PagesMARKET SEGMENTATION EXPLAINED Market segmentation is a marketing term referring to the aggregating of prospective buyers into groups (segments) that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action. Market segmentation enables companies to target different categories of consumers who perceive the full value of certain products and services differently from one another. (Definition of Market Segmentation). Below are some of the criteria can be used to identify different market

Essay on Creationism vs. Evolution How did it really...

Creationism vs. Evolution: How did it really happen? Ever since 1859 and the publication of On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin1, his first publication of his observations, much debate has come about concerning the issue of how life on earth came to be. Both the Creationists and Evolutionists believe in the Big Bang theory of creation of life; however, the mechanism for the development of new life provides the conflict. Evolutionists believe the cause of life on earth to be accidental, random atomic collisions (non-living matter), known as abiogenesis2. Creationists believe the cause to be supernatural intervention outside the physical world, God. Both groups have reasons for what they believe. However, proving either theory†¦show more content†¦However, the theory of evolution is based on the concept of macroevolution, numerous microevolutionary changes over a long period of time resulting in new life forms.6 diagram illustrating adaptive radiation Major discrepancies come in the theory of evolution because there is no testable proof of macroevolution. Many scientists over time have come to accept Darwin’s observations as facts. Books written on evolution use Darwin’s ideas as proof of evolution. This is incorrect, because no new evidence to prove evolution has come about since Darwin.7 Thus, his ideas can’t be used to prove a theory, because this theory is based on observation rather than fact. Also, the word evolution itself is used interchangeably with different meanings. Darwin used it to mean development, when the true meaning is, an opening, or new beginning. Evolutionist theories are fickle, in that each time a flaw arises, a new theory is developed to cover it up. Dr. David W. Cash feels evolution is nothing but lies covering lies.8 Mark Isaac points out major misconceptions about evolution: 1. [True]Evolution hasShow MoreRelatedHow The Earth Created And How Did We Get Here?2018 Words   |  9 PagesYou Believe How was the Earth created and how did we get here? This question has been in the heads of everyone that has had 5th grade education. The two main theories that try and explain how the earth, the universe, and humans were created are Creationism and Evolution. No one really knows which theory is right, I mean people believe that the theory that they believe in is right, but neither one of the theories have be proven right scientifically. The wonder on how the world was createdRead MoreI Have Always Been A Science Centered Girl3245 Words   |  13 PagesI have always been a science-centered girl. Science and math, no matter how hard, always kept my attention and interest. The science of evolution has always aroused my mind, as the part of biology that sparks my interest most is genetics and the findings of Darwin. All throughout learning the basics up to my AP biology class, I believed evolution to be a fact. This is because it was taught as factual, and I saw no evidence against it. My teachers always seemed well informed and because they wereRead MoreEvolution And Religion : The Disconnection2016 Words   |  9 PagesEvolution and Religion: The Disconnection For years, theologians and scientists have debacled as to which theories could be categorized as correct as opposed to incorrect theologies. On a larger scale, these individuals debate the question of the universe’s origin, as well as the origin of life itself. Some of the most contemplated questions theologians face are those that include thoughts regarding the creation of all living things. Whether or not all things that currently inhabit the world areRead MoreWill Science And Religion Ever Reconcile?1920 Words   |  8 Pagesaccepted scientific principle to which the church objected. At their formation the church disagreed with the idea that the earth was flat, the scientific explanations for disease and illness and of course evolution is a topic still widely debated and often framed as the ultimate argument of science vs. religion. Although the Catholic Church still has over 1.2 billion members, today its power is far removed from what it was in Galileo’s days. Science too has progressed and advanced in vast steps andRead MoreGod Through The Eyes Of Science2793 Words   |  12 Pages God through the Eyes of Science The sound of silence spread through the hospital. Those who stood by, saw new-born Joseph lying in the doctor’s arms, his young body taking in fresh air weeping. How could this be? The doctors were seriously concerned for Joseph’s wellbeing and did not expect a hysterically crying baby with a strong chance of not making the next hour, if he were to even survive the pregnancy. Fortunately, miracles like this one continue to suggest a supernatural being that can breakRead More Biblical Creationism versus Scientific Origin Essay example8399 Words   |  34 PagesBut it most certainly does not require one. I think it would be prudent to define a few terms first. Evolution: The change in life over long time scales by descent with modification through natural selection, except when used in astronomical context (where it refers to slow changes in stars and galaxies.) Creationism: Specifically, I use this to mean Christian young-earth creationism; the belief that Earth was created in 6 literal days as written in Genesis 1. Taxon: a division of life: kingdomRead More2B study guide Essay7886 Words   |  32 Pagesunderstand generally where such a number comes from... while we would not require you to replicate the calculation, you should know the general approaches that are used to estimate global diversity] 10. Contrast autotrophs and heterotrophs in terms of how they acquire energy and nutrients. -Autotrophs: Produce their own forms of energy through inorganic materials -Heterotrophs: Obtain energy and nutrients from their diet 11. Which of the following is the best answer to why plants on land are green Read MoreModule Quizzes Essay14245 Words   |  57 PagesModule 1: Syllabus How long do you have to take an E-test? 2 hours Which of the following is curved? E-tests and the E-final Final Grades have? Pluses and minuses If a positive feedback signals reaches the comparator, what occurs? Comparator will turn on the controlled Where should you go to find updates on the course? Announcements in Bioespresso Where should you go to access your readings and assignments? www.bioespresso.com Where do you submit your extra credit paper? DrRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesrelevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily reasoning is concerned not with arguments leading to truth-valued conclusions but with making choices, assessing reasons, seeking advice, etc. Dowden gets the balance and the emphasis right. Norman Swartz, Simon Fraser University

Socratic Worldview Essay Example For Students

Socratic Worldview Essay Of the philosophers I have studied, Socrates stands out to me from all the rest. Although I would be the first to confess that I have never put forth the time nor the effort necessary to consider myself a philosopher (at least not in the sense that I imagine most would consider to be the credentials of a philosopher), my philosophy about life is most closely aligned with what I understand Socrates philosophical beliefs to be. Although there are some distinct differences in what I believe to be the ultimate meaning behind life, which I will later address, I believe his thoughts on how one should live their life to be the wisest of any philosopher we have studied. First, let me relate what I understand Socrates philosophy to be. Socrates believed that we all have a soul. He believed that we are to live our life by principles, and that these principles should be what is considered to be good. He was convinced that there were moral absolutes, a right and a wrong, his reason being that if there werent everything would just be relative. This seems most logical. Also, according to Socrates, in order to find which standards we should live by we should test these standards in real life situation to see if they are right or wrong. From what I understand, we are to live our lives according to rights and wrongs in our dealings with others, and our private life as well. And, this is all in order to be living according to the dictates of the soul, if you will, and not by the desires of the flesh. One of the most interesting ideas Socrates had, I believe, were his thoughts regarding the true philosopher. He said that the true philosopher is often misunderstood by other men, that they do not understand that his whole life is the pursuit of death. And, that when death finally comes he does not meet it with dread, but with the acceptance of understanding that the soul is finally to be unencumbered of the body and all its evils. The soul will finally meet truth away from the constraints of an imperfect body. He believed that the soul is immortal and imperishable. He believed that good souls departed to an invisible world where happiness is secured and they are free of human folly and error, and of all the problems that normally plague us. Evil souls, on the other hand will wander about in misery paying their penalty until they are reincarnated to a form fitting of their former evil ways in life. And, although I do not believe this view, I appreciate it for the thought and logic behind it. I am intrigued with the way Socrates can look beyond the physical, and make reality of the spiritual aspect while holding no allegiance to any certain god or gods. I can agree with his philosophy regarding living our lives in an effort to be good, and cherishing the soul above the body, and placing all emphasis on the soul and not on the body. Although we cannot scientifically prove that the soul is imperishable or beyond that, if we even have a soul, but we do know that the body is only temporary, so it seems logical to place importance on something beyond the physical. I think Socrates reasoning behind the evidence of our souls, is brilliant even if incorrect which I am in no means implying. His idea of anamnesis/recollect intrigues me. Where would we have any idea of perfection, if not from our souls? Certainly anything from the body or physical has yet to show us any form of perfection. For the sake of relating to the reader why I think .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af , .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .postImageUrl , .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af , .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af:hover , .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af:visited , .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af:active { border:0!important; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af:active , .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ued2769e55d9d8440411a6d1bc5e858af:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Lai EssaySocrates philosophy could contribute much to human well being, let me take a moment to relay my thoughts or philosophy on life. I agree with Socrates on the stand he makes that nothing good or perfect can ever come from the physical. Pleasing the desires of the flesh always results in only temporary happiness, and even then it is questionable if it is a real happiness, or just a temporary source of satisfaction. Socrates said that the soul is where we can know perfection, and that the important things of this life lie in living for the development or realization of the soul, and that through proper development of the mind in its pursuit of truth, beauty and goodness that the goal and purpose of .

Measles free essay sample

The classical signs and symptoms of measles include four-day fevers [ the 4 Ds ] and the three Cs cough, coryza (head cold), and conjunctivitis (red eyes) along with fever, anorexia, and rashes. The fever may reach up to 40 (104 OF). Kopliks spots seen inside the mouth are pathognomonic (diagnostic) for measles, but are not often seen, even in real cases of measles, because they are transient and may disappear within a day of arising. The characteristic measles rash is classically described as a eneralized, maculopapular, erythematous rash that begins several days after the fever starts. It starts on the back of the ears and, after a few hours, spreads to the head and neck before spreading to cover most of the body, often causing itching. The measles rash appears two to four days after the initial symptoms and lasts for up to eight days. The rash is said to stain, changing color from red to dark brown, before disappearing. We will write a custom essay sample on Measles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page [5] Complications[edit] Complications with measles are relatively common, ranging from mild and less erious complications such as diarrhea to more serious ones such as otitis media,[7] acute encephalitis (and very rarely SSPE subacute sclerosing panencephalitis),[8] and corneal ulceration (leading to corneal scarring). 9] Complications are usually more severe in adults who catch the virus. [10] The death rate in the 1920s was around 30% for measles pneumonia. [11] Between the years 1987 and 2000, the case fatality rate across the United States was 3 measles- attributable deaths per 1000 cases, or In underdeveloped nations with high ates of malnutrition and poor healthcare, fatality rates have been as high as 28%. [12] In immunocompromised patients (e. . people with AIDS) the fatality rate is approximately Cause[edit] Measles Measles virus electron micrograph Virus classification Group: Group V ((-)ssRNA) Order: Mononegavirales Family: Paramyxoviridae Subfamily: Paramyxovirinae Genus : Morbillivirus Species: Measles virus Measles is caused by the measles virus, a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Humans are the natural hosts of the virus; no other animal reservoirs are known to exist. This highly contagious virus is spread by coughing and sneezing via close personal contact or direct contact with secretions. Risk factors for measles virus infection include the following: Children with immunodeficiency due to HIV or 5] alkylating agents, or corticosteroid therapy, regardless of immunization status[16] Travel to areas where measles is endemic or contact with travelers to

Canadian Military essays

Canadian Military essays "To be prepared for war is the most effective way of preserving peace." - George Washington One of the most widely realized problems of the Liberal government is their continuing refusal to turn the Canadian military into a viable combat force. I do suppose it is politically incorrect to kill people and blow things up, but it is often necessary to do so, as there will always be people out there who wish to do this to us. That is why the Canadian Forces must be turned into a modern combat force, capable of fighting and winning a combined arms war on a 21 st century battlefield. To build such a force would require a great deal of money and commitment, two things the Liberals are unwilling to provide. However, a Conservative government may take steps in that direction. Note: All figures in U.S. dollars unless otherwise stated. Some costs have been estimated. I estimated high. Wars are won on the ground. Airplanes and cruise missiles are great, but in the end it is the poor, bloody infantry who take and hold your enemy's real estate. Perhaps the worst decision made by the Liberal government recently has been to replace Canada 's Leopard main battle tanks (MBT) with the Stryker mobile gun system. The Stryker is a sad substitute for a real tank, lacking severely in firepower, and, particularly, armor. In order to fight and win a modern war, our soldiers need a real main battle tank. Also sorely lacking in the present army is an attack helicopter and multiple launch rocket system (MLRS). Here is how I believe we should equip the new Canadian Army. There would be one armored division, made up of 3 mechanized brigades and an attack helicopter brigade. It would be equipped as follows: Total Number Unit Cost per unit Total Cost 300 MBT (Merkava-4 or M1-A2) $10mil $3bil 250 IFV (upgraded M-2 Bradley) $6mil $1.5bil 120 155mm Artillery (G-6) $5mil 0.6bil ...

African-American History Timeline 1930 to 1939

African-American History Timeline 1930 to 1939 Despite enduring the Great Depression and Jim Crow laws, throughout the decade of 1930, African-Americans continued to make great strides in the areas of sports, education, visual artistry and music. 1930 One of the first art galleries to feature African-American art is opened at Howard University. Founded by James V. Herring, the Howard University Gallery of Art is the first of its kind in the United States to have its artistic vision directed by African-Americans.The Black Muslim Movement is established in Detroit by Wallace Fard Muhammad. Within four years, Elijah Muhammad takes control of the religious movement, moving its headquarters to Chicago. 1931 The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) hires Walter White as its executive secretary. With White in this role, the organization develops new strategies for ending racial discrimination.In March, nine African-American young men are accused of raping two white women. Their case begins on April 6 and they are quickly convicted of the crimes. However, the case of the Scottsboro Boys soon receives national attention and will help pave the way for the civil rights movement.Symphony composer William Grant Still becomes the first African-American to have his music performed by a major orchestra. 1932 A 40-year study begins in Tuskegee, Ala. testing the impact of syphilis on 400 African-American men. The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment is established through the U.S. Public Health Service. The men are never told they have the disease nor are they offered any treatment.Thomas Dorsey, known as the father of African-American gospel music. Dorsey writes Take My Hand, Precious Lord.Leon H. Washington publishes Sentinel in Los Angeles.Sculptor Augusta Savage opens the Savage Studio of Arts and Crafts. Based out of New York City, it is considered the largest art center in the United States. 1933 James Weldon Johnson publishes his autobiography, Along This Way. Johnsons autobiography is the first person narrative by an African-American to be reviewed by the New York Times. Historian Carter G. Woodson publishes Mis-education of the Negro. 1934 W.E.B. Du Bois resigns from the NAACP.Zora Neale Hurston publishes her first novel, Jonahs Gourd Vine. 1935 The Southern Tenant Farmers Union is established by the Socialist Party to assist southern sharecroppers to fight for better wages and working conditions.Pianist Count Basie establishes Count Basie and His Orchestra, which will become one of the biggest bands of the Swing Era.The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the Norris v. Alabama case that a defendant must have the right to a trial by jury by his/her peers. This ruling overturns the Scottsboro Boys early conviction.Mary McLeod Bethune establishes the National Council of Negro Womencalling more than 20 leaders of national womens organizations together. 1936 Bethune is appointed Director of the Division of Negro Affairs for the National Youth Administration. Bethune is the first African-American woman to receive a presidential appointment and is the highest-ranking African-American official in Theodore Roosevelts administration.Jesse Owens wins four gold medals at the Berlin Olympics. His achievement defies Adolf Hitlers plan to use the Olympics to show the world Aryan Supremacy.The first medical textbook to be written by an African-American is entitled Syphilis and Its Treatment. The author is Dr. William Augustus Hinton.The first African-American federal judge is appointed by Roosevelt. William H. Hastie is appointed to the federal bench in the U.S. Virgin Islands. 1937 The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Maids signs a collective bargaining agreement with the Pullman Company.Joe Louis wins the heavyweight championship against James J. Braddock.The Negro Dance Group is founded by Katherine Dunham.Zora Neale Hurston publishes the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God. 1938 The work of Jacob Lawrence debuts in an exhibition at the Harlem YMCA.Crystal Bird Fauset becomes the first African-American woman elected to a state legislature. She is chosen to serve in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. 1939 Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial in front of 75,000 people on Easter Sunday.The Black Actors Guild is founded by Bill Bojangles Robinson.Jane M. Bolin is appointed to the domestic relations court of New York City. This appointment makes her the first African-American woman judge in the United States.

Violent Video Games Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Violent Video Games - Essay Example However, the diversity of these video games is threatening. Many of these games are violent in nature. Examples of violent video games are: Killer Instinct, Mortal Kombat and Sega's Primal Rage. All these games deal with fighting and killing the opponent in the most terrible and cruel way possible. Many of the more recent violent video games are modifications and are influenced by the above mentioned games. According to Dill, "Provenzo (1991) studied the most popular video games and noted that 40 out of 47 were violent in nature." Several other studies are mentioned by Dill, all of which support the idea that most of the video games are violent in nature. This research seeks to discover the degree of influence of the violent video games to selected college students. Inevitably and naturally, the players are affected by the games they play. This study will try to find out the causal relationship between violent video game and aggression. This will try to prove the hypothesis that the exposure of the students to video game violence increase aggressive behavior and other aggression related phenomena. Specifically, the study will answer the question: Does playing violent video game increase aggressiveness This research will use 40 respondents, 20 males and 20 females. ... The researcher will determine the video game to be played. Immediately after playing the video games, their cardiovascular measures (blood pressure and heart rate) will be taken then immediately they will be asked to answer the questionnaire. The IV (independent variable) will be the video games and the DV (dependent variable) will be the cardiovascular measures and the questionnaire. They must not take alcohol, caffeine, cigarettes and any drugs that may affect their behavior prior to the experiment. The following is a list of the video games that will be played by the respondents. The violent games are: Dark Forces (The player assumes the role of a special ops guy in the Rebellion aiming to steal the Death star plans and to get out alive. Weapons like a blaster rifle and laser pistol are used to kill enemy guards and storm troopers.); Marathon 2 (The shooter is a space marine trapped in a base that is taken over by aliens. His goal is to retake the base and not die, shooting at anything that moves.); Speed Demon (The player drives a heavily armed vehicle in a race with other armed vehicles. One gets points by destroying other vehicles.); Street Fighter (This is similar in many ways to Mortal Kombat. The player chooses a character and then engages in a series of fights with other characters.); and Wolfenstein 3D (The player assumes the role of B.J. Blascowitz, an American soldier caught and taken prisoner trying to infiltrate a top-secret Nazi lab. There are several deadly weapon s and he shots at all things that move). The nonviolent games are: 3D Ultra Pinball (This is simply an electronic version of a pinball game, complete with flippers, buzzers, bells, and various visual and auditory effects); Glider Pro (Players of this game control the forward and

Texts in Conversations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Texts in Conversations - Essay Example Finally, third wave feminism continues through the contemporary cultural landscape. In addition to large-scale political change, each of these movements is reflected in the artistic and cultural production of feminist writers of the time. This essay critically reviews prominent texts from each of the feminist waves – Virginia Woolf’s ‘Shakespeare’s Sister’, Simone de Beauvoir’s ‘the Second Sex,’ and Rebecca Walker’s ‘Becoming the Third Wave.’ Virginia Woolf was one of the most prominent writers within the first wave spectrum of feminist thought. Today her novels and essays remain widely read for both their literary qualities, as well as their prescient perspective on women’s equality. In terms of her stance on women’s equality, her text ‘Shakespeare’s Sister’ represents one of her most powerful statements. Woolf begins this text with the provocative statement, â€Å"It would h ave been impossible, completely and entirely, for any woman to have written the plays of Shakespeare in the age of Shakespeare† (Woolf). In addition to holding significant rhetorical quality, this statement is an indictment of both 17th century Europe, as well as cultural climate of Woolf’s time that severely restricts the rights of women. While Woolf’s text expresses many of the concerns that will later be echoed in second and third wave feminist literature, it’s clear that Woolf’s formulations distinctly constitute proto-feminist concerns. As Woolf’s text unravels it’s clear that it focuses upon the position of a woman in 17th century England. She seminally writes that any, â€Å"woman born with a great gift in the sixteenth century would certainly have gone crazed, shot herself, or ended her days in some lonely cottage outside the village, half witch, half wizard, feared and mocked† (Woolf). Even as Woolf is referring to the condition of the woman in 17th century Europe, it’s clear that her statements are reflective of her own social challenges. The cultural climate of Woolf’s time remain highly centered on the male as the breadwinner and this carried over into the process of education and social responsibility. In these regards, Woolf is articulating essential aspects of the woman’s experience in her world; namely the nature of patriarchal society as restricting the woman’s full potential and the abhorrent recognition of this reality. While such concerns are more emblematic of first wave feminism, they are reflective of the central of all feminist waves, and are reflected in both de Beauvoir and Walker’s texts. Simone de Beauvoir’s ‘the Second Sex’ is recognized as a seminal text in terms of the second wave feminist movement. While Woolf’s work examined broader feminist and human rights concern, de Beauvoir’s text is more rooted in th e cultural climate of her day. It’s also clear that while Woolf’s text is more concerned with the oppressive social mechanisms that restrict women’s rights, de Beauvoir is further pointed as she directly identifies men as the oppressive party. Consider de Beauvoir who writes, â€Å"The whole of feminine history has been man-made. Just as in America there is no Negro problem, but rather a white problem; just as anti-Semitism is not a Jewish problem, it is our problem; so the woman problem has always been a man problem† (De Beauvoir, pg. 102). In these regards,

Bring Mobile Phones to School Essay Example for Free

Bring Mobile Phones to School Essay It has been debated nationwide and even worldwide for and against students being allowed to bring mobile phones to school. Usually, a school consists of three parts namely, the Primary, Middle and Upper section. We live in the 21st century which is very much a digital age and nowadays, almost every student other than in primary section, has a mobile phone. In my opinion, mobile phones are good for children as long as they are educated in its appropriate usage and the privilege given without being abused. Here are some reasons and benefits as to why students should bring phones to school. In the past, children had less activities in and after school and parents often never knew where their children were until they came home. In today’s world, children are so involved in after school activities such as clubs and societies, sports, music and tuition as directed by parents. Parents need to coordinate with the children, coaches, teachers in charge and other parties within their busy day to day schedules. Mobile phones allow parents to communicate with children at any time. Parents can check up on children and arrange transportation or relay important information if necessary. This supports organizing the daily schedule as we go along the day’s activities and increases the safety aspect. Mobile phones can also be an invaluable tool in emergency situations. For instance, if a student is severely injured or there is a crisis situation, cell phones can allow students to contact authorities for help. This can be especially important for students who do not travel to and from school with a parent, but in public transportation or school vans. It also helps children to have communication and build up networks amongst groups of common interests. Facilities like SMS allow to reach and communicate with large groups instantly with a record for future references, which also will save time and money. This option is also an advantage for teachers to reach their students at large in an effective manner for common messages. Further, with the added options such as Dictionary, Thesaurus, Reminders, e-mails and camera, the mobile phone expands the knowledge base and the capacity of a child and his scope. These features are commonly available in all mobile phones. Moreover, the student who carries a mobile phone has to protect it, be disciplined in it’s usage and also has to be knowledgeable in using it to his or her benefit. This improves the capacity of responsibility, self-discipline and knowledge sharing of the child which are very important attributes in a person’s life.  In conclusion, I think students should be allowed to bring mobile phones to school under the parents’ guidance and the schools should be clear in communicating its rules and regulations in terms of usage of the phones within school hours.

Essay --

Rationale of CBT for adolescent obesity Till date, most of the intervention studies of childhood obesity have recommended the use of comprehensive interventions that include behavioural therapy along with changes in diet and physical activity are the most successful approaches to improving long-term weight and health status.( Jelalian E et al.,1999) American Dietetic Association (2006) and the Expert Committee on the treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity (2007) also recommend cognitive behavioural intervention as an essential component of treatment. Considerable empirical support exists for programs that incorporate some combination of techniques such as stimulus control, self-monitoring, goal setting, problem solving, cognitive restructuring, parent skills training, and relapse prevention in the treatment of childhood and adolescent obesity.(Spear BA.,2007; Johnston CA et al.,2008; Stewart L et al.,2008). Recent literature also supports and recommends the use of CBT for adolescent obesity. Cochrane review of 54 randomized clinical trials on lifestyle interventions with the aim to ascertain the most effective intervention in the treatment of childhood obesity found that a behavioural lifestyle intervention with parental involvement, is preferred over standard care or self-help.(Oude L H et al.2009). Kirschenbaum and Kristen (2013) reviewed five recent expert recommendations on the treatment of adolescent obesity and found that all of the expert committees support the use of intensive dietary intervention, physical activity, and cognitive-behavioural counselling. Cognitive behaviour therapy has been found to be effective treatment of adolescent obesity as clearly evident in the literature. With the increasing... ...home from school, stairs climbing at home or school) †¢ Psychopathology (Developmental Psychopathology Checklist by Malvika Kapoor., 2002; Child Behaviour Checklist by Thomas M Achembach.,1991) †¢ Depression Children Depression inventory II by Maria Kovacs., 2010) †¢ Anxiety (Depression anxiety stress scale (DASS) by Lovibond., 1995) †¢ Stress (Stressful Life event scale for Indian children by Savita Malhotra., 1993) †¢ Body image (Body Shape Questionnaire by Cooper et al.,1986.) †¢ Self esteem (Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale by Rosenberg.,1965 ) †¢ Disordered eating pattern ( (Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire by T Van Strein., 1986, Children Eating Behaviour Questionnaire by Jane Wardle et al., 2001) †¢ Isolation, Teasing, bullying ,Social Support , Level of concern, motivation and stage of readiness for behavioural change (Semi-structured interview schedule)

Kants Deontology

IntroductionThe word Deon is a Greek word and it means duty. According to the deontological theory actions are wrong or right in themselves, quite distant from their effect. In this theory certain actions are allowed or prevented by the argument that each of the action is either right or wrong in accordance with the ethical obligations. So those who believe in using a deontological theory would bring in consideration the basic rights and duties of groups or individuals and act according to their moral duties.Immanuel Kant the great philosopher, who had lived in the 18th century, proposed the work which is used for the reference of deontology. According to him each individual has got self-respect and dignity in inheritance. He believes that no one has right to treat others in a negative way for his own means.Kantian DeontologyKant argues that only good will is completely good rather than the happiness, pleasure or something else. Those who perform bad deeds are never happy and pleased The thing which is in accordance with and acts for the sake of duty is good will. Kant seems to suggest that only those actions have moral worth which is performed for the sake of duty. He determines the moral value of one’s deeds by the reluctance towards his sake of duty means greater one is disinclined towards the sake of duty, more the moral worth of action. Thus moral duty is independent of and comes before the concept of goodnessThe good will does not need any qualification for being good, thus it is good on its own. . Kant does not believe in the idea of being willed well because of the result being produced by it For Kant a person is accountable for only those things that are under his control. Even though what we will for our deeds is within the power of us but the results of our acts are not. In the same way even if less positive consequences are produced by the actions of a person of good will, he deserves praise.Kant suggests that good will is only acted solely b y the right intention. The intention of good will is for the sake of duty. The different intentions for actions are either acting out of self-interest or for the sake of duty or acting through inclination. For understanding the difference among the different intentions for the actions being performed, relate this to the corporate world example of a salesman at any organization whose customers are very satisfied and he has goodwill. (Karl, 1982)This is because he has never been dishonest to his customers and clients, since he has never overcharged to those customers and clients who are inexperienced. Now there can be three reasons for him to be honest. Firstly he treats honestly just because of an intense competition in his organization. He thinks that if he would be truly honest with his customers, they would not go to his competitors and would therefore prefer to do business with him as a result he would be awarded by the organization. So in this he is honest just because of self-i nterest and not for the duty and for Kant this act is not the moral act because it is performed for the sake of self-interest rather than the duty.Another reason for him to be honest is due to an inclination. This means that he derives pleasure from his honesty which has come naturally to him and according to Kant such kind of actions which are performed due to inclination, are also immoral. This is because the inclination is entirely unreliable and irrational, and is followed because of its caprice not because of its reason. These same feelings from which we are inspired and perform kind acts may also inspire us to perform the unkind and cruel acts. That is why inclination is unreliable. (Karl, 1982)Thus according to Kant, the person who acts honestly because he thinks that it is his duty regardless of his inclinations to perform those functions, that is a person of goodwill  So those who are generous but nature but help the poor just because of their internal feeling of being pi ty are not behaving morally, rather than those being stingy and help for the sake of duty. The later ones are acting morally For Kant the need of acting out of respect for universal law is duty. The person who acts establishes the moral and ethical value.The basic moral principle according to Kant is the Categorical Imperative an imperative is just an obligation or command. The concept of a categorical imperative is different from that of hypothetical imperative and can be better and can be understood in its contrast. A hypothetical imperative involves those actions which are performed in order to accomplish various goals But it does not involves those actions whom one does not care for achieving the goals. .The main distinction of categorical imperative is that it only emphasizes how to act irrespective of the result or goal one may achieve  Ã‚   Kant believes that a categorical imperative is where, when there is a fundamental principle of morality. This is because the ethical an d moral causes dominate the other reasons and causes.   For example an organization has a self interested reason to cheat its customers by making lower quality products but if morality is grounded in a categorical imperative, then it’s moral.But if morality is grounded in a categorical imperative than the moral cause against cheating the customers dominates the self interested cause. . The formulations of Kant’s Categorical Imperative are that we should always treat ourselves and others at ends not for your means of our ends. Maxim is a principle on which we act willingly. Kant holds that perform only those maxims which always will to be a universal law. (Howard, 1995)These formulations are used by Kant for different expressive ways for same basic principle of respect and value for others They are not synonymous but can be used for expressing the same in that each formulation helps one to perform in the same manner. The first formulation holds that persons should be treated as beings that have intrinsic value means they have got value which is independent of their worth for any purpose.It rejects the idea of using a person for one’s own purpose. But it tells us that one should never use a person merely as a means to your own ends. This means that if someone is willing to do our work than that is acceptable but if he is forced that is unethical so we should not deceive others in doing our will. Categorical Imperative forbids compulsion and deception. In compulsion or deceiving others, we violate their will and disrupt their autonomy.The second formulation permits to perform only those actions whose maxim can become a universal law of nature. One acting on maxim requires the test of universalization so that everyone can act on it. It is not necessary that a certain maxim should always be a universal law but it must have to be applied on a universal basis, only that is morally permissible. This can be related to the corporate work world in the way that if an employee working in an organization deceives everyone by cheating his employer and by not performing his functions well thinking that what he is doing, is right.If his motives are good then he passes the first test of deontology, but if he applies all his above discussed actions on a universal basis that everyone would start cheating then would this cheating work? Of course not, for the reason that cheating depends on deception. People would not be deceived if they are expected to be cheated. So for Kant and his Categorical Imperative cheating is morally wrong. So it is must to decide that maxim can be applied on a universal scale. If it can then the action is deemed to be good, if it cannot then the action is deemed to be morally bad.Corporations have highly formalized decision-making structures since they are social groups and they have to keep in concern the benefits of the people present in their internal as well as external environment and have a strong influ ence on the faiths and decisions and beliefs of the persons who are members of the large-scale corporation. So according to Kant corporate intentions cannot be reduced to the individual members’ aggregate decisions. In fact, all the decisions must be applied on universal basis which are morally acceptable. Thus the individuals have the power to change the course of the corporate character by retaining their ability, provided that sufficient number agrees on that change which is required. (Howard, 1995)ReferencesAmeriks, Karl. (1982) Kant's Theory of Mind: An Analysis of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Caygill, Howard. (1995) A Kant Dictionary. Oxford, UK; Cambridge, Mass., USA: Blackwell Reference. ISBN 0-631-17534-2, ISBN 0-631-17535-0

Macario’s Noche Buena

Nobody knew anything about Macario's early life; but everybody knew that he was a robber, the chief of a gang which used to haunt the country about the shores of Laguna De Bay and rob merchants coming from Manila. It was in the days when no railroad line existed in the Philippines, when all trips by water had to be made by bancas, cascos, and small, slow steamboats, and all overland journeys had to be made in carromatas, carts, or on horseback. Macario was known to be the fiercest among the highwaymen. He had foiled all attempts of the guardias civils to capture him. A price was set on his head.It was nine o'clock on a Christmas eve. The past week macario and his gang had had plenty to do, for it was the week when many merchants went to manila and back to their towns. Macario was alone. He stationed himself in a grove of bamboo trees a little distance from the solitary road some miles from the town of Calamba. The night was dark and a cool wind was blowing across the lonely fields, m aking the bamboo tops bend and wave. What was there strange NT the sound of the wind as it sighed among the bamboo leaves? nothing! Only that it had a remorseful sound, as of an upbraiding conscience daring to assert itself.That sound was most disquieting to the nerves it made Macario restless. He wished someone would come up the road, someone that would make him turn that restless into action. He even wished that some guardias civils would come, he wished to drown the voice of that wind in the excitement of a fight. While he was walking back and forth among the bamboo trees, he heard the sound of hoof beats in the distance. â€Å"Ah† said he, â€Å"I shall have my wish at last†. He went nearer the road and stood beside a tree. When the hoof beats sounded nearer, he discerned a dark object, hardly perceptible in the obscurity around.â€Å"Halt† cried Macario as he rushed toward that moving figure. â€Å"Halt or you are dead man! † the hoof beats ceased si multaneously with his cry Macario found himself face to face with a man riding on a horse. The man was alone. There was nothing martial about him, he was a merchant and he had two baskets on each side of his horse. The bandit took the horse by the bridle without a word and led it across the fields to the door of a nipa shack. â€Å"I want money,† Macario said as soon as they were inside the shack and he had brought in the baskets.The man gave him five pesos saying that he had no more. The robber then proceeded to open the baskets and examine their contents, which were mostly groceries. The merchant had gone to Manila expressily to buy these, not for sale, because he dealt only in cloth, but to regale his friends, his many nephews, nieces, cousins and his own children the next day, Christmas. The robber felt to the very bottom of a basket and drew out a large box. He opened it. It contained toys of all sorts-two or three dolls of different sizes, small green carriages drawn by red horses and a little drum.He took the drum and seemed to forget everything else as he held it. He regarded it with wistfulness, turned it round and round, tried beating it; it absorbed his whole interest. What was there peculiar about a drum or about THE DRUM MACARIO WAS HOLDING? Ah! There are strong associations that can be awakened by small objects. The memory of our meeting with lost friend may be brought home to us by the sight of a simple flower; an alphabet book may recall to mind the long, tedious hours with a cruel school master,and the past may be revived by a trifling toy.Macario saw in the drum not a toy but an object associated with his early life. His mind traveled back, back to a small barrio in a distant province, to a particular time, to a certain Christmas day. He saw a little boy going to his godfather's. He was wearing chinelas for the first time; they were red chinelas. He had a jusi shirt on, and a small buri hat. The little boy kissed his godfather's hand. The godfather took a little drum from a package and gave it to the boy, together with a half-peso piece. The little boy was himself.He was hum playing boy, together with little boys dressed in the same way; he heard him beating his drum and telling his playmates about the big star which he had seen in church that morning, the star which started from the choir and moved up to the altar; and of the little baby lying down on some grass, and of the little sheep and goats there; yes, as the altar he saw little goats. Other Christmas pictures came up before his mind in quick succession-picture in which he saw himself, each time older and grown larger. Then came one scene, the scene he had always dreaded, the scene which he would not haveRecalled for all the treasures he had stolen during his robber life and for what he might yet steal. It was Christmas eve again. He was now a tall young man. He was lurking among some trees near a path in a country district. He was mad, his blood was boili ng; his long sharp bolo was thirsting for blood as his heart thirsted for vengeance. The wind was blowing among the leaves of the trees; it incited him to more furious thoughts. Then his strained ears heard a sound, a snatch from an old country song. Ah! It was his enemy, singing; he who made this Christmas eve miserable for him.Macario asked nothing, explained nothing, he simply dashed forward to his enemy and made the long bolo work out his revenge. He saw his enemy fall, saw the body steeped in its own blood. He ran, ran†¦. The dreaded tulisan, stopping with his head in his hands, stood up and ran, ran out of the shack into the fields, into the road, into the arms of two guardias civiles! In the same town some little children were unhappy although they received a peso from their father. The little boy did wish so much to get a drum and the little girls wanted dolls very badly.First of all, a short story usually only has one main character. There may be more than one characte r in the story, but there is only one central person who undergoes a change or realization by the end of the story. In the story â€Å"Macario’s Noche-Buena†, there are a couple of characters, comprised by the robber Macario, the rider on horseback whom Macario robbed, and two guardia civilles who appeared at the end of the story. We can say that Macario was main character because the whole story revolved around him and his past experiences.He also experienced a change/realization because in the story, because he reminisces about his life as a child and how happy he was then. It was also mentioned that, â€Å"The little boy did wish so much to get a drum†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Maybe the little boy could be compared to Macario, who realized what he had become. Maybe all he wanted for Christmas was to go back to his life as a child where he didn’t have to steal and where life was so simple and fun. Next, a short story has only one main plot, unlike a lot of novels whose p lots divide into subplots and divide even further into more subplots.Basically, the plot of â€Å"Macario’s Noche-Buena† is the current life of Macario as a thief, and his memories of his youth. The story starts on December 24th, Noche-Buena. Macario is hiding in a grove of bamboo trees waiting for someone to pass. After some time, a man on horseback arrived, whom Macario ordered to give him his money. He only had five pesos so Macario opened the bag that the man was carrying. In the bag, Macario found some groceries, but more importantly there also was also an assortment of toys. Some dolls, carriages, and a little drum.Macario got hold of the drum and then remembered the little drum that his grandfather had given him for Christmas many years back. After that, more memories rushed in, one when he was a young adult, where he was holding a bloodied bolo and a dead man in front of him. After this, it is stated in the story that he ran, and after some distance he was caug ht by two guardia civilles, and then the story ends. Third, a short story has only one main setting. In this case, most of the story happens on a road with a patch of bamboo trees beside it.There is no longer a change of location like many longer narratives. This story focuses mainly on Macario’s actions and memories, the setting is not really important in â€Å"Macario’s Noche-Buena† Lastly, the theme of most short stories contains a moral lesson to be learned. In â€Å"Macario’s Noche-Buena†, Macario is a robber who on Christmas Eve finally realizes how much he has changed. From a happy young boy, he has turned into a man who steals toys meant to be given to children for Christmas. In this moment he remembers being given toys for Christmas by his Grandfather.The moral of the story is that even if you are driven into a corner and forced to do something evil, you should remember that there are also other human beings like you who will be affected b y the decisions you make. His miserable memories made him steal and kill and thereby the author is concluding the story in a meaningful way to show the very cause of his wrong deeds—â€Å"In the same town some little children were unhappy although they each received a peso from their father. The little boy did wish so much to get a drum and the little girls wanted dolls very badly. †

Persuasive Essay essays

Persuasive Essay essays Would you like to get a high paying job? Then you need to go to school. Without an education you cant get a get good job. An education is what you need. An education is a great accomplishment. A higher education can get you a higher paying Job. Without money you cant get things, and Without education you would be working at McDonalds or something, if you had a education you could be something better, now if You want to be a lawyer you need a degree. Thats why an education important. Getting an education is what the smart thing to do is. Dont get me wrong though its hard to get an education. I think the main reason why people drop out is because they probably get bored and cant take it going to school. The way I see it is you place in your head that when you get out of collage your going to get a great high paying job. I guarantee that if you get an education you will get a high paying job. Now dont you want a high paying job? ...

Juliets Monologues From Shakespeares Tragedy

Juliets Monologues From Shakespeares Tragedy Who is the protagonist of Romeo and Juliet? Do both titular characters share that role  equally? Typically, stories and plays focus on one protagonist and the rest are supporting characters (with an antagonist or two thrown in for good measure). Some might argue that Romeo is the main character because he gets a bit more stage time, not to mention a couple of sword fights! However, Juliet experiences a great deal of family pressure as well as an ongoing inner conflict. If we label the protagonist as the character that experiences the deepest level of conflict, then maybe the story is really about this young girl who is swept up by her emotions, caught up in what will become the most tragic love story in the English language. Here are some key moments in the life of Juliet Capulet. Each monologue reveals the growth of her character. The Balcony Scene In her most famous speech and her first monologue, Juliet wonders why the newfound love (or lust) of her life is cursed with the last name Montague, the long-standing enemy of her family. The monologue beings with the now famous line: O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo? She then continues to say: Deny thy father and refuse thy name This reveals how their families have an antagonist history, thus their love would be frowned upon and difficult to pursue. However, Juliet justifies to herself why she should continue to love Romeo despite their family history, essentially saying that a name is superficial and does not necessarily make up a man. Tis but thy name that is my enemy;Thou art thyself, though not a Montague....Whats in a name? that which we call a roseBy any other name would smell as sweet. Declarations of Love In the balcony scene, Juliet is talking to herself, not realizing that Romeo is hidden in the garden, listening to her every word. After she discovers that he has been there all along, they two star-crossed lovers profess their affections. Here are some lines from the monologue  and a translation into simple English. Thou knowst the mask of night is on my face,Else would a maiden blush bepaint my cheek Juliet is blushing from thinking about Romeo and is happy that it is night time so that no one can see how red her face is and how excited she is.   Dost thou love me? I know thou wilt say Ay,And I will take thy word: yet if thou swearst,Thou mayst prove false; at lovers perjuriesThen say, Jove laughs. As any person giddily in love can relate to, you always are wondering if that person loves you back. Juliet is anxious about whether or not Romeo likes her, and even if he says he loves her, does he mean it or is he being a flirt? Juliets Choice In her last lengthy monologue, Juliet takes a big risk by deciding to trust in the friars plan to fake her own death and wake within the tomb to find Romeo waiting for her. Here, she contemplates the potential danger of her decision, unleashing a combination of fear and determination. The following are some lines with a quick breakdown. Come, vial.What if this mixture do not work at all?Shall I be married then to-morrow morning?No, no: this shall forbid it: lie thou there.(Laying down her dagger.) These lines reveal that Juliet has a plan b in case the potion doesnt work and she is forced to marry someone else her family has chosen for her. Her backup plan is to kill herself with her dagger. What if it be a poison, which the friarSubtly hath ministerd to have me dead,Lest in this marriage he should be dishonourd,Because he married me before to Romeo?I fear it is: and yet, methinks, it should not,For he hath still been tried a holy man. Now, Juliet is second-guessing whether or not the friar is being honest with her, is the potion a sleeping potion or a lethal one? Since the friar married the couple in secret, Juliet is nervous that the friar is now trying to cover up what he did by killing her in case he gets in trouble with either the Capulets or Montagues. In the end, Juliet calms herself by saying the friar is a holy man and wouldnt trick her. How if, when I am laid into the tomb,I wake before the time that RomeoCome to redeem me? theres a fearful point!Shall I not, then, be stifled in the vault,To whose foul mouth no healthsome air breathes in,And there die strangled ere my Romeo comes? Thinking of other worst-case scenarios, Juliet wonders what would happen if the sleeping potion wore off before Romeo could remove her from the tomb and she suffocated to death.   But in the end, Juliet rashly decides to take the potion as she exclaims: Romeo, I come! this do I drink to thee.

English-Alcoholism research report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

English-Alcoholism research report - Essay Example Alcohol dependence has been subject-matter of widespread studies from medical, social, and psychological angles. Traditionally, a host of stereotypes have developed around alcoholism spanning different ages, societies and cultures. There is hardly any part of the world that has not undergone the negative effects of alcohol abuse but the worst affected are the victim, his or dependant and non-dependant family members, children, colleagues and friends. Understandably, the conventional wisdom accepts alcohol but shuns alcoholism. Though ‘alcohol-intake’ is strictly forbidden in the Muslim, and to some extent in, Hindu and Buddhist societies, however, it can’t be construed that the cultures that view alcohol with permissiveness endorse alcoholism. The town drunkard is subject to ridicule, pity and despicability anywhere in the world. It is pertinent to define Alcoholism from scientific point of view before we discuss its devastating personal and social circumstances National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) brochure cited at About.com defines Alcohol Dependence Syndrome as a disease characterized by craving, loss of control, physical dependence, and tolerance. Simply put an alcoholic shows a compulsion to drink, which he or she is unable to resist. In case, it is resisted there are withdrawal symptoms and amount of alcohol for getting a higher ‘high’ keeps on increasing. Alcohol abuse is a pattern of problem drinking resulting violence, accidents and alcoholism is the disease that makes the patient seek alcohol continually (NIAAA, 2003, cited at Healthatoz.com). Consequences: The most common consequence of Alcoholism is self-destruction through the loss of health, wealth and social respect. â€Å"Alcoholism is a lethal illness† (AMSP, Slide 4). Often the victim doesn’t get the kind of familial, societal or governmental help to alleviate him/her from the dependence syndrome as it is regarded as self-inflicted problem. We

Need to fix and tweak Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Need to fix and tweak - Essay Example in mentoring on: the use of hardware, software applications, multimedia, databases, presentations, and other digital technologies (Available Equipment-STC). It’s important to have the right stuff for the right kind of job and that is what the STC helps students get the job done. If you require a certain type of software for work and not sure how to use it, STC has mentors that will help you learn how to use the software and train you also one on one on just about any software available (Technology Mentoring-STC). This is very helpful because not everyone knows a lot about certain software especially those who are freshmen in college. You have certain formats to use for classes and some we may never even heard about it. And this is where STC comes in handy. They teach us about the software in addition to making it available for us. This is very helpful because this saves the students thousands of dollars (Technology Mentoring - STC). STC made it also very convenient because mentors make themselves available for students, walk-ins or by appointments. And if you have a busy schedule they can work around you. You wonder just how helpful a place like the STC can be helpful for a student. There is free printing and many computers to use just about any time you need to work. The STC now provides  40 Dell computers and 8 Apple computers for student use. In addition, the center offers training on  13 software packages and loans out digital cameras, HD camcorders and laptops to students free of charge (Available Equipment-STC). A freshman named Corby who frequents the library commented â€Å" I took a tour and found STC very available for me. I use this place 2-3 times a week. Things that benefit me are the free printing and software† (Wozniak). Freshmen seemed to find them more useful compared to any other students who are in the higher year levels. All students that were asked by the survey â€Å"What do you like about the Student Technology Center?† The

Management and Organization in Financial Services Essay

Management and Organization in Financial Services - Essay Example The same theories and principles of motivation obtain in the workplace. The same problems confront management about how to motivate officers and employees to become more productive, more perceptive, intelligent, and creative in order to drive company objectives of gaining a competitive edge and obtaining better-than-average results. This paper aims to discuss the concept and theories of motivation and seek to analyze how they apply in the workplaces of the US financial services industry. An understanding of what motivates workers effectively is important for those who would like to tap the human resource component of a financial services firm to contribute towards synergy in the achievement of organizational goals. Motivation is defined as the process of inducing a person or a group of people, each with distinct needs and personalities, to achieve the organizations objectives, while also working to achieve their own objectives (Stoner and Wankel 358). Despite the fact that every individual is unique, certain underlying principles and theories of motivation can be applied by managers to enable them to understand as well as predict peoples responses to task challenges. In a specific organization, the principal objective is stimulate employees to work and produce more effectively. In addition, it should also be an important goal to encourage current employees, particularly the efficient ones, to remain with the firm. Because the company may from to time increase or replenish its personnel, a corollary objective is to encourage potential employees to join the organization. There is a lot of productivity potential in most workplaces as it is estimated that about 75 per cent of workers acknowledge that they are performing below their potential (Stoner 360). The challenge to management is therefore how to tap that reservoir of energy and talent. The ability to contribute value through work may be

The Role of a Midwife in Domestic Violence Cases

The Role of a Midwife in Domestic Violence Cases Domestic violence and public health The role of the midwife. Why is domestic violence a public health issue for midwives?The latest triennial maternal mortality report (CEMACH, 2004) reveals that for the years 2000-2002 eleven new mothers were murdered, within six weeks of giving birth, by their partners. The report highlights that domestic violence is a risk factor for maternal death from all causes. In this report 14 percent of all the women who died had declared that they were subjected to domestic violence. This translates to 51 women in England, Wales and Northern Ireland over the three year period. If progress is to be made in reducing maternal mortality careful note needs to be taken of all the risk factors.   Risk assessment is currently a means by which the type of care received by the woman in pregnancy and labour is determined. This midwifery role is already well established for antenatal and intrapartum care. Epidemiology Domestic violence has a high prevalence. Crime figures for a single day, 28th September 2000, were obtained and publicised form British police forces. On that day there were 1 300 calls to the police reporting domestic violence. Extrapolating from this there is an incidence of domestic violence every six to 20 seconds. Most of the victims are women. According to Home office figures two women die in Britain each week from violence by either their current or their previous partner (Mirrlees-Black, 1999). A study in London found in a sample of women on antenatal and postnatal wards a 23% lifetime experience of domestic violence. Three percent of these women were encountering domestic violence in the present pregnancy (Bacchus, 2004). The impact of domestic violence What constitutes domestic violence varies tremendously. It does not have to be physical violence. This is problematic. Collection of statistics is hampered by the blurring of the boundaries between the abuse severity. Whilst it can be agued that no level of abuse is acceptable some distinction needs to be drawn. Pregnancy may act as a trigger for domestic violence; it may start at this time or change in nature sometimes becoming mental rather than physical but sometimes being more focussed on blows to the abdomen. The puerperium is a time of particular vulnerability (CEMACH, 2004). The high prevalence of domestic violence impacts economically on society. The costs of dealing with 100,000 women seeking medical help annually due to domestic violence and the fact that of applications for shelter on account of homelessness 17 per cent are caused by domestic violence may be costing London alone approximately  £250 million each year. Support systems are overstretched; there are 7 000 women and children looking for places of safety every day (Seymour, 2001). Physical violence to a pregnant woman increases the risk of miscarriage, premature labour, low birth weight and intrauterine fetal death. Domestic violence may increase the likelihood of a pregnant woman smoking, drinking alcohol or taking drugs with deleterious effects on the pregnancy and fetus. Domestic violence is associated with depression and suicide attempts. Trauma to the abdomen incurs risk of life threatening placental abruption, rupture of the uterus or other internal organs in addition to the fetal risks. Women incurring domestic violence are less likely to be able to access antenatal care, many book late and a significant proportion not at all. They have problems accessing care and often default on visits, change addresses and have no reliable means of being contacted. Often the partner will exercise stifling control over them and accompany them during visits to the midwife, answer questions for them and remain present during examinations (Mezey, 2002). Initiatives to address the problem The Department of Health’s National Service Framework (2004) for Children, Young people and Maternity Services states the importance of identifying victims of domestic violence and includes pointers for recognition and action during pregnancy and recommends that staff should be aware of the importance of these aspects. Some emphasis is put on the supportiveness of the environment and the sensitivity of the enquiry about the abuse. The Government has looked closely at the issue of domestic violence (The Government’s Proposals on Domestic Violence, 2003). Parliament has legislated via the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004. This has extended police powers of arrest for common assault under the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984. This has had some effect with a dawn raids to intercept offenders (Bird, 2004). Dimond (2005) argues that to really tackle the issue of domestic violence people in general must become involved and this includes health care providers. It is already the case that following an assault which leads to miscarriage the offender can be charged under s.58 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861 (Bristol Evening Post, 2004). Where the assault leads to premature delivery from which the child dies the charge is one of manslaughter. The Home Office is taking the lead on behalf of the Government on this issue. Specialist domestic violence courts are planned. In Leeds it is pil oting a Domestic Violence Cluster Court. The aim is to make the process of dealing with the perpetrators faster and to make custodial sentences longer. In 2000, the Department of Health advocated routine questioning of pregnant women about domestic violence. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, the Royal College of Midwives and NICE all requested that this should happen. In a position paper in 1999 the Royal College of Midwives recommended that abuse be recognised and documented and also that such women should be given information to choose for themselves what to do.   It is recognised that it is important for a woman to be able to find the help that she needs when she is ready (Smith, 2005). Whilst the woman can be assured of confidentiality it is important that the extent and limitations of this are made clear. For instance if she already has children and there is a risk that they may suffer domestic violence then confidentiality will have to be broken. If there is a real danger to the fetus once it is born then again the confidentiality between the woman and the midwife will have to be broken. Up until the moment of birth the fetus does not have any right of its own in law. In Wales and in Bristol there have been significant projects to screening pregnant women for domestic violence and following through the positive answers. There have also been initiatives in Leeds and also in London. A study done in Bristol (Salmon 2004) and funded by the Department of Health showed that where midwives were trained to ask about domestic violence more women disclosed it. Midwives wanted further training and without this only 10% of midwives would ask about domestic violence by choice. Midwifery training in asking the question increased midwives’ confidence in this area(Baird, 2005). The Bristol research was important to determine the impact of the routine questioning about domestic violence on midwifery education. The multi-agency involvement of the work and education was apparent. A vitally important aspect of the work on disclosure was talking to the woman alone, specifically without the presence of her partner (Merchant, 2001). The question is unlikely to be of benefit if the woman is not asked alone or if there is no effective follow up (Ward and Spence, 2001). Sometimes the only time the abusive partner will allow the woman to be alone is when she goes to the toilet. Therefore posters must be available in this location detailing contact numbers of women’s refuges, social services, victim support etc. Information can also be pre-printed on maternity records so that if a partner sees it it is obviously not aimed specifically at that woman and she is then not likely to suffer further abuse on account of him seeing the information. Another aspect, which might be considered, is to have in the women’s toilet a poster indicating that if the woman is being abused she may mark her routine urine container in some way that alerts the midwife but no one else that she is in danger from domestic violence. Women from ethnic minorities where English is not spoken by the woman pose particular difficulties. It is important to use an inte rpreter who is not a family member. The Bristol study was a pilot to inform about education needs of midwives when asking about domestic violence. It was not designed as a study to gather evidence about whether it is effective to promote disclosure and whether subsequent information and support giving is beneficial in reducing the problem. London based initiatives Mezey studied 892 pregnant women at St George’s Hospital, south London. Midwives were trained to ask the question about domestic violence. Women were more likely to admit to domestic violence when directly questioned about it. Women’s fears of loss of confidentiality or that their children might be removed from them hampered disclosure. Some midwives found asking the question was distressing and some feared reprisal from the woman’s partner. It was clear from the study that midwives cannot tackle this problem alone. Considerable back up from other agencies is vital and all agencies must work together. The strengths of the work and initiatives so far include the understanding and acceptance that whilst midwives play a pivotal role in this opportunity to screen women for domestic violence they cannot tackle the problem alone. It is accepted that training of midwives can enhance the percentage of women abused who disclosure this. Other strategies around enhancing disclosure also have a positive effect. To be critical the major weakness of the initiatives is that they are not of proven benefit. Statistics are always going to be difficult to collect in this area. Concentrating on this problem may be detracting from other important midwifery aspects and studies have not addressed this aspect. Training given to midwives has not been universal and the wider aspects of continuing professional development and training of other members of the multi disciplinary team have not been set up. Just admitting to domestic violence does not mean that the woman’s life is going to improve. To bring the problem out into the open may upset the woman’s family and result in isolating her from them both physically and emotionally and in some situations may do more harm than good. A targeted approach needs to be fostered and work needs to be done to evaluate how we can spot the domestic violence cases where intervention would really make a difference. It is doubted whether this is a midwifery role since skills within the field of criminology would seem appropriate. What improvements could be made? A recommendation of the 2000-2002 maternal mortality report (CEMACH, 2004) is that midwives require adequate training both pre registration and as continuing professional development to ensure that they can effectively assess women who suffer domestic violence. A further recommendation is that all pregnant women should be asked if they suffer domestic violence presently or previously (but that the question be deferred until midwives have received the relevant training and multidisciplinary support services are in place). Asking about domestic abuse is generally done poorly in social history taking (Foy, 2000). The most difficult part seems to be the midwife asking the question about domestic violence (Scobie and McGuire, 1999; Price and Baird, 2003; Mezey et al, 2003). The default position would seem to be that they midwife is reluctant to ask and the patient feels unable to talk about it (Ashton, 2004).   The educational aspect is important. Both theory and practical skills are involved. The work around domestic violence is multidisciplinary and multi-agency and clearly this needs to be reflected in the midwife education and continuing professional development courses (Baird, 2005). There needs to direction from the nursing and Midwifery Council and the Royal College of Midwives about what the training will consist of and what comprises the required level of competency. Education should be of proven benefit to practice. The reluctance to answer the question is not supported by women being offended; generally they accept it (Price, 2004). Approximately 90% of women asked are in favour of being asked (Leeds Inter-Agency Project, 2005). On average a woman will suffer domestic violence 35 times before she contacts the police. This is of concern and highlights the degree to which women are trapped in the violent situation. Factors within themselves, for instance fears of reprisals from the partner, compounded with a lack of confidence in the police, social services and the legal system contribute to this problem. Pressure cannot be put on the woman to leave the violent situation (Bewley C and Gibb, 2001). Initiatives aimed at these problems are needed. How midwives can be involved in this public health initiative Thirty percent of domestic violence towards women starts whilst they are pregnant (CEMACH, 2004). Asking all pregnant women about domestic violence as a routine question has advantages over asking only a selected group, for instance; it helps with the changing attitude to domestic violence; it helps women feel they are not being picked on and it is lees likely to jeopardise the safety of an abused woman (Tacket, 2004). The key areas of involvement of midwives to best support these women include; Asking all women directly whether they have been domestically abused and facilitating disclosure Documentation and allocating those with positive responses to high dependency care Giving information to affected women thereby enabling them to access specialised help Supporting women when they are making a change away from the violent situation Inter-agency working (Hepburn M McCartney, 1997) Peer review Midwives do agree with the concept of questioning pregnant women about domestic violence and approximately 80% also agree that it should be the midwife who does this (Price, 2004). However in clinical practice only about 60% are happy about asking the woman this question (Price, 2004). The reasons the midwives gave for these problems were practicalities such as a lack of time or lack of staff or difficulty getting privacy with the woman and personal problems with asking the question (Leeds Inter-Agency project, 2005). ConclusionWith the increased awareness and increased stance of non-acceptability of domestic violence it is to be hoped that people in general will have a common awareness about how they can seek help. Pregnancy is still going to be a vulnerable time from the point of view of the physical stage of mother and fetus and the fact that such a high percentage of abuse situations develop during pregnancy. Midwives are therefore still going to be pivotal in this area. Another important aspect from the midwifery point of view is that a woman may be better motivated to make a change to her situation whilst she is pregnant. Perhaps the role of the midwife in aspiring to solve the problem of domestic violence will be moving away from just asking the question and giving information (since women will largely already have this knowledge) towards encouraging the woman to make a change that really is for the better. It should be recognised at this stage in time that greater challenges lie ahead and we should plan for them now.   ReferencesArticles Aston G The silence of domestic violence in pregnancy during womens encounters with healthcare professionals. Midwives 2004 vol 7 no 4 April Bacchus L Domestic violence and health. Midwives 2004 vol 7, no 4 April 2004 Baird K, Salmon D and Price SLearning from the Bristol Pregnancy and Domestic Violence Programme British Journal of Midwifery, November 2005, vol 13, no 11 p692-6 Bewley C and Gibb A MIDIRS Midwifery Digest 2001 vol 11 no 2 183-187 Bird S Police hold 150 in domestic violence raids. The Times8 December 2004 Bristol Evening Post 18th December 2004, report on Nycoma Edwards. Dimond B Protecting victims of domestic violence. British Journal of Midwifery February 2005, vol 13, no 2 p105 Foy R et al Antenatal detection of domestic violence. The Lancet 2000 vol 355, p1915 Hepburn M McCartney S Domestic Violence and Reproductive Healthcare in Glasgow. In: Bewley S Friend J Mizey G (eds) Violence Against Women London: RCOG Press, 1997: 233 Leeds Inter-Agency Project (2005) Health and social care project report: promoting good practice in health service responses to women and children experiencing domestic violence Marchant S Davidson L Garcia J et al Addressing Domestic Violence through Maternity Service-Policy and Practice. Midwifery 2001 vol 17 164-170 Mezey G Bacchus L Haworth A et al Midwives’ perceptions and experiences of routine enquiry for domestic violence. Br J Obstet Gynaecol2003 110: 744–52. Price S Routine questioning about domestic violence in maternity settings. Midwives 2004 vol 7, no 4 April   Price S and Baird K Domestic Violence: An audit of professional practice. Pract Midwife2003 vol 6 no 3 15–8 Salmon D Baird K Price S et al An impact evaluation of the Bristol Pregnancy and Domestic violence Programme to promote the introduction of routine antenatal enquiry for domestic violence at North Bristol NHS Trust 2004 www.northbristol.nhs.uk Scobie J McGuire M The silent enemy: domestic violence in pregnancy. British Journal of Midwifery1999 vol 7 no 4 557–62 Seymour J Pregnancy No Protection From UK Epidemic Of Domestic Violence. 1st November, 2001   Panos-UK/1 http://www.panos.org.uk/global/featuredetails.asp?featureid=1039ID=1005 Smith N Training is vital to domestic abuse screening. British Journal of Midwifery Nov 2005 vol 13, no 11 p676 Ward S and Spence A MIDIRS Midwifery Digest 12, 2002; Supplement 1, S15-S17. Papers Mirrlees-Black C Home Office, Domestic Violence: Findings from a New British Crime Survey Self-Completion Questionnaire, London, 1999. Royal College of Midwives (1999) Domestic abuse in pregnancy: Position Paper 19a (London: RCM) Reports CEMACH Why Mothers Die. Confidential enquiry into maternal deaths 2000-2002. RCOG press 2004. London   Department of Health (2000) Domestic violence: a resource manual for health professionals. 2000 London: Department of Health   Ã‚   Department of Health (2004) National Service Framework for Children, Young People and Maternity Services: Part 111 Maternity Standard (London: Gateway ref. 3779) Taket A Tackling Domestic Violence: the role of health professionals. 2004 Home office Development and Practice Report 32 The Government’s Proposals on Domestic Violence. Home Office Safety and Justice: June 2003 Home Office;http://www.domesticviolence.gov.uk Websiteswww.doh.org.ukwww.rcm.org.ukwww.rcog.org.uk

Applying Common-sense Morality to Life :: essays research papers

Applying Common-Sense Morality to Life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe that I could and do â€Å"live with† W. D. Ross’s theory of common-sense morality as my own moral code. I agree with some of the principles that Kant and Utilitarianism follow, but I believe they are too strict. I agree with the system of moral dilemmas and priorities that common-sense morality uses. It allows a person to prioritize moral obligations and choose which obligation is more important based on a particular situation. I believe common-sense morality can easily be applied to situations at home, at work, and at school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, I will give an example of how common-sense morality can be applied to a situation at home. Let’s say that my father and I have plans to meet for dinner on Thursday night. According to Ross, I have made a promise to meet him for dinner and this situation would fall under the obligation of fidelity. In class on Thursday, I find out that I have an exam in my business ethics class on Friday and I know that I should stay home and study for it instead of going out to dinner. After thinking about the situation, even though my father and I had previous plans to go to dinner, I would decide to change our plans to a later date and study for the exam. By doing this, I broke my promise to go to dinner, but the exam is more important. According to Ross, I have prioritized the exam over the dinner in order to fulfill by obligation of self-improvement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Second, I will give an example of how common-sense morality can be applied to a situation at work. Let’s say that I work at Wendy’s fast food restaurant. James, the manager of the store, and I are the only staff members in the store. All of the sudden, James accidentally spills hot grease all over his hand and is screaming for help. I immediately run over to help, but then a woman in the dining area screams to call 911 because her husband is having a heart attack. Now I have a moral dilemma. According to Ross, I have an obligation of beneficence to both people, but I need to evaluate which person’s health is more at risk. In this situation, the person having the heart attack is in much more danger than James. I would call 911 and then tend to James.

Advanced Forensics vs Traditional Investigation

Technology has allowed our world to become much more advanced. This was never truer than in the field of forensic science. There was a time where the only evidence introduced at trials was the murder weapon and the testimony of an eyewitness. Now we have DNA, hair, fiber, and soil samples to analyze. We rely on forensics when decomposed bodies or skeletal remains are found to provide an identity and a cause and time of death. The field of Criminalistics has definitely come a long way from just questioning suspects but this still remains a critical part of any investigation. It can be said that forensic science provides amazing answers but the results can never have 100% certainty due to human error. Traditional investigative methods must go hand in hand with forensic analysis in the process of ensuring that all possible evidence is acquired and a jury has proper information to make a fair decision. Forensic evidence provides many answers to questions that would otherwise remain a mystery. We can take the example of forensic anthropology, or the study of human remains. Sometimes the remains are skeletal or so badly decomposed that it is impossible to even identify the victim until an examination is done by a forensic anthropologist. As we learned in chapter 1 of our text, studying remains as well as the insects and soil found in and around a human body can determine a time and cause of death. This is important information useful in finding and convicting a suspect. Every case is different, but evidence is always required to prove guilt. Forensic science has become so evolved that traditional methods might be seen as out dated; this shouldn’t be the case. Interrogating a suspect should be just as important as submitting a DNA sample. No case should rely solely on one or the other. If we consider some of the cases from the past we can see how important it is to have a good combination of both. In the Wayne Williams case there was a huge amount of fiber evidence linking him to 12 different victims; however fiber evidence is only good when you have a source to match it to (Saferstein, 2007). If the Atlanta P. D. had not set up a surveillance team the night he allegedly dumped a body into the river, this case might remain unsolved. An old fashioned stake-out provided a big break for this case. The Manson case is another high profile case that relied heavily on eyewitnesses and informants as opposed to forensics (Bugliosi, N. D. ). In this case the prosecution was able to prove through witness testimony that Charles Manson had almost complete control of his followers. Unfortunately juries do place a lot of credibility on forensic evidence which might be a cause of the â€Å"CSI effect† (Robbers, 2006). The CSI show has captivated so many people with its unrealistic techniques of solving crimes in less than 60 minutes. Society has embraced its popularity and has come to expect something similar when they land in the jury box. Jurors should not base their decision solely on the fact that they have a forensic scientist confirming a DNA sample match with the suspect. Let’s not forget that the scientist making this analysis is human and susceptible to commit errors whether intentional or unintentional. . In recent years many lab scandals have been uncovered from innocent unknowing mistakes to faking tests results. I had come across the story of Mariem Megalla, a forensic scientist who is accused of falsifying evidence she tested. She is accused of labeling a sample of a suspected drug as positive when it had actually come back with a negative test result (Mangan, 2010). Rather than having it retested, she removed the label off of a positive sample and placed it on the negative sample. Because of scandals similar to this the Justice for All Act of 2004 was created. This did require strict guidelines, frequent audits and more oversight in forensic labs but this still does not guarantee a mistake proof result every single time. Jurors must always keep this in mind when deciding how much weight to put on any type of forensic science evidence.

Gia and Her Life

Gia Marie Carangi is a gorgeous Philadelphia native who arrives in New York City to become a model and immediately makes an impression on a very high profiled agent by the name of Wilhelmina Cooper. In the movie Gia’s sexual identity is not identified by her. She never comes out directly and states I’m a lesbian or bisexual. Even though she never had sex with a man, she never said that she wasn’t attractive to men. Gia was very open minded and was always willing to explore her sexuality. Throughout the movie growing up she was finding herself while meeting a woman by the name of Linda who at the time they met was involved with a man. Gia really loved Linda but in the beginning Linda would always push her away which fueled her drug addiction. Linda was bisexual and in the beginning had issues with it because Gia was the first woman she ever been with but Linda also fell in love with her in time. Gia was feminine but at times could be very aggressive and had some boyish qualities about her to me that stood out. Her looks which made her one of the top female models back in the 70’s had male and females in awe of her beauty. Gia had a uniqueness about her that made her different from everybody else which elevated her into the star she was destined to become. Her beauty was like a gift and a curse because it got her to places she never dreamed of going, yet the curse for some could be that people only looked at the outer beauty and cared less what was on the inside. Gia finally realized that Linda was the only one that was there for her and she thanked her for that while photographers and other people surrounding her just saw her as a face that could make money and could care less if she couldn’t speak because they didn’t want her to open her mouth just look beautiful. Gia was very erotic and adventourous which did capture the interests of others to her and she portrayed that well on camera which the photographer loved! The movie takes place in the late 1970’s and around that time was the term â€Å"sexual liberation† or â€Å"free love† with millions of young people embracing the hippie ethos and preaching the power of love and the beauty of sex as a natural part of life. Sex was experimented openly in and outside of marriage and around the 80’s is when free love ended abruptly because that’s when the public became aware of AIDS. Sex and drugs was one of the main components that surrounded her and by being in the entertainment industry that always came with the territory some did it more than others but in Gias case the drugs took over her life at one point sharing needles which later on is found out how she contracted AIDS.